This is a section intended to collect together articles and data associated with the physical properties of croquet equipment and dynamics of balls. In addition any formulae and recipes will arrive here.
Submissions are invited to this page - contact the webmaster.
What is presented here are reports by the authors, unless stated otherwise
they are not endorsed by any of the croquet bodies.
With the proposed changes in the Laws, this article discusses where to place a ball which has collided with a stationary one. |
Jan 2008 |
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Initial measurements of the surface temperature of croquet balls left
in the sun. |
June 2005 |
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Experiments on the Game of Croquet;
Bouncing and Rolling |
Experiments on the bounce characteristics of croquet balls and the
analytical treatment of the transition from sliding to rolling. Includes
a valuable appendix on lawn speed considering friction and the development
of spin. |
June 2002 |
Analysis of mallet head inertia |
Feb 2001 |
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What should be included in a croquet balls specification, plus an
appendix summarising standard properties. |
2000 |
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A table of croquet ball types and the dates when they were available. |
2000 |
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Predictions of mallets and ball velocities. |
Mar 2000 |
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Partition of the energy of rotation and kinetic energy. |
Mar 1999 |
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Considerations and methods when measuring croquet ball bounce. |
Oct 1998 |
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Using a ball-hitting rig RLM presents results and comments on different
croquet strokes and ball types, and the Roquet Shot. |
<1998 |
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Measurements of bias using billiard tables and floatation. |
<1998 |
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The effects of temperature and the construction of the ball bounce
test rig are discussed also the effect of milling and paint thickness. |
Aug 1993 |
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The rebound heights of different manufacturers' balls measured as
a function of temperature (extract from letter). |
Nov 1989 |
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Comparison of ball bounce and mass measurements made in South Africa
and England. |
Sep 1989 |
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Measurements of size, mass and bounce of one type of Barlow balls |
Aug 1989 |
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Championship Ball Specification for World Croquet Federation |
The size, mass and bounce variations of a set of the older Barlow
croquet balls. |
Jun 1989 |
Moulding, physical properties; size, mass. Conclusion. |
Aug 1988 |
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Richard Le Maitre, South Africa |
Mar 1988 |
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Comparison of Jaques and early Barlow XTs. |
Dec 1986 |
Hitting a ball off-centre induces a rotation of the mallet head and a slewing of the ball from the direction of swing. This is emphasised in mallets without peripheral (end face) weighting. |
2007 |
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An anlysis of the processes of single stroke impacts, and impacts
when there is a nearby ball |
2004 |
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Electrical timing to resolve contact times. |
1998 |
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Ball-mallet impacts observed using carbon paper. |
1998 |
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Further carbon paper tests. |
2000 |
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Electrical conduction tests. |
2000 |
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A discussion of the methodology for testing how easy different
types of hoops are to run. |
2004 |
| How to Determine Lawn Speed During a Game | Louis Nel offers a simple method to replace interpolation for measuring the Lawn Speed in Plummers. Louis Nel, Canada |
March 2008 |
Samir Patel suggest that a lawn speed of 10 Plummers is normal and >10 is desirable for top level events. |
June 2007 |
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Comparisons are made between the Lambert and Plummer systems of lawn speed measurement. |
April 2007 |
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A simple method for measuring the speed of a lawn using a plank, a ball, a tape measure and a hoop. |
June 2005 |
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A brief explanation about lawn speeds is accompanied by a simple derivation
and experimental measurements. |
April 2004 |
Louis Nel advocates a new ranking system which considers the mean level
of play and its certainty. |
2006 |
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Louis Nel gives the probability that someone will win a game based on the difference in the grades of the two players. |
2005 |
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Louis Nel models how the positions of players in the Rankings change even if everyone's ability to win remains constant. |
2005 |
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Comparisions of Handicap and Grade for Players from Different Countries |
2004 |
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Web site dealing with the basics of the chess rating systems including the Elo system on which the croquet rankings are based |
2004 |
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A non-mathematical explanation of the how the Croquet Grading System
works. |
2004 |
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Comparisions of Handicap and Grade for Players from Different Countries |
2002 |
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How the calculations are performed |
2001 |
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No corellation was found betweeen American Handicaps and Associattion
Handicaps. |
2000 |
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Note on the assignment of the class factor etc. for rankings. |
1999 |
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The mathematics behind the current grading system. |
1998 |
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The mechanics of the ranking system. |
1993 |
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Comments on the mathematics involved in the ranking system. |
1988 |
American Journal of Physics, Vol. 68, No. 10, pp. 920–924. |
2000 |
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David R. Appleton, The Statistician Vol. 44, #4, pp.529-538, (1995) |
1995 |
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Design of Croquet Mallets etc. |
Project Report, University Central Lancs, UK. (?) |
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A Survey of Croquet Injuries |
David R. Appleton, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol. 90, #4, pp.218-220, (1997) |
1997 |
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Development of a Croquet Ball |
Project Report, Imperial College, UK. Supervised. Prof. B.G.Neal, (1981) |
1981 |
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Engineering, pp.861-863, (29 June 1962) |
1962 |
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Louis Nel proposes that promotion out of the blocks proceed globally
rather than block-by-block |
2007 |
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Don Gugan investigates whether there is any evidence of a 'home advantage'. |
2004 |
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Louis Nel |
2003 |
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How to calculate winning probabilities for knock-out tournaments |
Louis Nel |
2000 |
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